Prolonged and unprotected exposure to the sun's UV rays is a major risk factor for skin cancer. This includes both intense, intermittent exposure (such as sunburns) and cumulative, chronic exposure. People who spend a lot of time outdoors without proper sun protection are at an increased risk.
Individuals with fair skin, light-colored hair, and blue or green eyes are generally more susceptible to the harmful effects of UV radiation. The lower amount of melanin in their skin provides less natural protection against the sun, making them more vulnerable to skin damage and cancer.
A history of severe sunburns, especially during childhood and adolescence, increases the risk of developing skin cancer later in life. Sunburns are a sign of skin cell damage from UV radiation, and repeated incidents can contribute to the development of skin cancer.
If close relatives (parents, siblings) have a history of skin cancer, there may be a genetic predisposition that increases an individual's risk. This suggests a combination of genetic and environmental factors contributing to the development of skin cancer.
Individuals with a weakened immune system, whether due to medical conditions or medications, have a higher risk of developing skin cancer. The immune system plays a role in recognizing and eliminating cancerous cells, and a compromised immune system may be less effective in this regard.
While skin cancer can affect people of all ages, the risk increases with age. The majority of skin cancers are diagnosed in individuals over the age of 50. However, melanoma, the most aggressive type of skin cancer, can also occur in younger individuals.